U.S. Drone Attacks and Pakistan State Sovereignty

U.S. Drone Attacks and Pakistan State Sovereignty According to Sean D. Murphy, U.S. anti-terrorist operations in Pakistan so far have taken the forms of drone strikes, â€Å"hot pursuits† into Pakistani territory in immediate response to raids from within Pakistan, and secret missions by special operations forces, such as the CIA, against militant targets located deeper in Pakistan . The numbers of incidents involving â€Å"hot pursuits† of the militant hideouts inside the Pakistani territory have been very few, so they have not attracted as much attention as other operations. There has only been one real recognized covert mission in Pakistan, which took place on September 3, 2008 in South Waziristan , an area under the control of the Taliban. This was the US’ first ground-based battle against the Taliban within Pakistani borders. This caused the death of many civilians and no â€Å"high-value† terrorist target. The Pakistani government strongly criticized this act and passed a resolution demanding Am erican cooperation on covert operations, so the US did refrain from repeating such a mission; however, the American strikes using Unmanned Areal Vehicles, known as drones, have been going on since 2004 and have only increased since then under the Obama Administration. The cross-border attacks, especially the drone attacks, by the Afghanistan-based American forces in the Federally Administered Tribal Area (FATA) of the northwestern Pakistan are meant to destroy or weaken the harbors of theShow MoreRelatedUav Use And Its Impact On The 21st Century1532 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States Navy during World War 1, whom remotely controlled unmanned cruise missiles that decimated their targets. The development of cruise missiles continued throughout World War 2 and beyond. 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However, this fact is abated, as the killing of Anwar Al-AwlakiRead MoreDrone Strikes and Their Effectiveness Essay2667 Words   |  11 PagesINTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DRONE STRIKES AND THEIR EFFECTIVENESS Table of Contents: †¢ Introduction ïÆ' ¼ Question ïÆ' ¼ Hypothesis ïÆ' ¼ Drones: An Introduction ïÆ' ¼ Literature Review †¢ Body ïÆ' ¼ Main Body ïÆ' ¼ Drones: The Success ïÆ' ¼ International Perspective ïÆ' ¼ National Perspective †¢ Conclusion â€Æ' Introduction The drones all slave away, theyre working overtime. They serve a faceless queen, they never question why. Disciples of a God, they neither live nor breathe. Drones are an effective counterRead MoreThe Use Of Incident Reporting Systems, Inspections And Auditing1568 Words   |  7 Pagesmitigate them. Drone strikes have made the United States safer by decimating terrorist networks across the world. Drone strikes have killed more than 3,500 militants in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Yemen, including dozens of high-level commanders in al Qaeda, who plots against the United States. Indeed, a lot of plots have been disrupted by drones that would have targeted the U.S. troops in Afghanistan, the international aviation and U.S. transit authority in New York. Although drone strikes have killedRead MoreA Report On Drone Strikes2392 Words   |  10 Pagesthe paradoxes of casualties, irony of errors, USA’s response to victims, who is accountable for attacks, advantages and disadvantages of drone attacks.] 4.1 Persistence of Civilian Casualties in Military Operations by US officials T hough the actual number of civilian causalities was always high, yet, according to US officials, drone strikes have caused relatively few civilian deaths, and sometimes drones caused no harm at all. Luckily, there were some leaks in the media regarding the causalities.Read MoreDrones Go Bang Bang2396 Words   |  10 PagesDrones go bang bang Over the past ten years, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles, commonly known as, â€Å"drones† created by the United States government, has increased rampantly in capacity, position, and prevalence. From September 2001 to April 2012, U.S. military forces amplified their drone inventory from 50 to 7500; of these drones around five percent can be equipped with lethal force. Thus far, regardless of the extraordinary growth of its fleet and assignments, the U.S. government has notRead MoreAfter The Terrorist Attacks On September 11, 2001, The1876 Words   |  8 Pagesterrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the United States has engaged in the global war against terrorism. One of the ways that the United States has engaged in this war is through drone strikes. Drones, otherwise less commonly known as UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) or RPAs (Remotely Piloted Aerial Systems) are the subject of debate all around the globe. They were pioneered by former president George W. Bush and became more popular by the use of former president Barack Obama. Drone strikes areRead MorePolitics : Us, Realism, And Terrorism3539 Words   |  15 PagesUS, Realism, Terrorism To what extent has the United States’ structural realism (Neorealist) approach to terrorism jeopardized its status as a democratic nation? Shehryar Malik â€Æ' Abstract â€Æ' Introduction Post September 11, 2001, the world politics has shifted dramatically. Primarily, the target of the world powers has been to eliminate the terrorist threat to the stability and the infrastructure of the world. United State of America (US) has been at the forefront of the fight againstRead MoreThe Threat of the Haqqani Network2010 Words   |  9 Pageshave arisen in abundance throughout the world. These organizations do not only wreak havoc in their own region, but they proceed to terrorize the lives of civilians and political figures in foreign nations as well. An organization that the United States could consider a terroristic threat may not be considered a threat to another nation; this international dilemma generally correlates with the nation in questions definition of terrorism, based off of the social context and the social construct (theRead MoreDrone Program Research Paper4283 Words   |  18 Pagesunmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones. Drones are vehicles that do not need a person within it to operate and can be controlled in a remote location or by programming. By the 1930s, new drones emerged as a combat training tool. For example, the Queen Bee, the first returnable and reusable drone, was designed for use as an aerial target during training missions. Gunners in the Royal Navy practiced shooting them down at first sight. During the 1960s, drones took on a new role as stealth surveillance

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What Should Coca Cola Have Done Free Essays

What should have occurred? What should occur in future situations? It would be a logical inference to suggest that Coca-Cola’s decision to change its formula and market â€Å"New Coke† to the American population was nothing short of a complete failure. â€Å"On 23 April 1985 New Coke was introduced and a few days later the production of original Coke was stopped. This joint decision has since been referred to as ‘the biggest marketing blunder of all time’† (Bhasin, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on What Should Coca Cola Have Done? or any similar topic only for you Order Now But to completely dismiss the fact that Coca-Cola was losing market share to Pepsi-Cola, as well as other products that they themselves were producing (Diet Coke), would not fairly give justice to the decisions behind Coca-Cola’s marketing blunder. Coca-Cola was in a dilemma. They were going through an identity crisis, and that crisis seemed to lead them to make their one major costly decision. That crisis was quite simple. Coca-Cola had forgotten who they were and grasping for market share, instead of focusing on branding lead them in an ominous direction. In order to avoid an identity crisis, Coca-Cola should have understood that â€Å"a brand is far more than just a logo. Instead, it’s comprised of a complete set of attributes and tools, or â€Å"identity elements,† that give the brand a unique identity† (Forward). The simple fact is that all the time, money, and skill poured into consumer research on the new Coca-Cola could not measure or reveal the deep and abiding emotional attachment to the original Coca-Cola, felt by so many people. The passion for original Coca-Cola was something that caught executives at Coca-Cola by surprise. It was a mystery, an American enigma, and one cannot measure it any more than one can measure love, pride, or patriotism (Bhasin, 2010). Of all of the consumer research and data analyzing Coca-Cola and its executives claim to have performed, it’s a mystery that they forgot one simple rule; ask your customers first! â€Å"Sam Craig, professor of marketing and international business at the Stern School of Business at New York University, pointed to what he and other industry observers have long considered a fatal mistake on Coca-Cola’s part. â€Å"They didn’t ask the critical question of Coke users: Do you want a new Coke? By failing to ask that critical question, they had to backpedal very quickly† (Ross, 2005). Coca-cola should have concentrated on the brands perception. â€Å"Marketing is a battle of perceptions, not products† (Bhasin, 2010). If Coca-Cola had concentrated on brand perception and less on trying to clone or compete with another company’s product, they would have never made the fatal mistake. What Coca-cola learned was to not be afraid to make a mistake. Yet, most importantly they learned to admit those mistakes and not be afraid to â€Å"make a u-turn†. Through the brand failure of New Coke loyalty to ‘the real thing’ intensified. Coca-Cola assimilated that â€Å"by going back on its decision to scrap original Coke, the company ended up creating an even stronger bond between the product and the consumer† (Bhasin, 2010). Consumers began realizing that coke was more than a drink. It was an experience – an enigma. The question then arises: Coca-Cola has recently decided, along with Pepsi-Cola, to change its recipe in order to avoid putting a cancer warning on their cans. Will Coca-Cola have learned anything from â€Å"the biggest marketing blunder of all time†? Bhasin, H. (2010, January 1). Coca Cola Brand Failure. Retrieved April 2012, 26, from Marketing91: http://www. marketing91. com/coca-cola-brand-failure/ Forward, J. (n. d. ). How to Build Your Brand and Avoid an Identity Crisis. Retrieved April 26, 2012, from Beneath The Brand: http://www. talentzoo. com/beneath-the-brand/blog_news. php? articleID=8478 Ross, M. E. (2005, April 22). It seemed like a good idea at the time . Retrieved April 26, 2012, from MSNBC: http://www. msnbc. msn. com/id/7209828/ns/us_news/t/it-seemed-good-idea-time/#. T5mkCuweSSA How to cite What Should Coca Cola Have Done?, Papers

Australian Investment and Security Commission - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Australian Investment and Security Commission. Answer: Issues faced by crown resorts The directors of a corporate organization have the duty to act in the best interest of the company. Section 180(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) instructs the directors and officers of a company to deploy care and diligence in relation to their operation. Such care and diligence is evaluated by appointing a hypothetical person as a director in the same situation and analyze the reasonability in relation to the decision[1]. The decision has to be in the best interest of the company. In the case of ASIC v Cassimatis[2] it had been stated that any reasonable director will not breach the law of the land in any condition. Even the shareholders do not have the power to ratify such acts. In the given situation the directors of crown sports have violated legal provisions by sending agents to china in order to recruit high roller gamblers where gambling is illegal in china. In relation to such action employees of the organization have been arrested by the Chinese government which also inc ludes Australians. In addition there has been a 14% decline in the shares of the organization which has subjected the company and its shareholders to major losses. The company has also suffered reputational loss because of its actions. In the given situation the corporate legal issues which are faced by the directors of crown resorts are in relation to the directors duties violated by them. The directors as discussed above have breached section 180(1) of the CA by not acting with diligence and care in relation to the affairs of the company. Role of AISC The Australian Investment and Security Commission is a corporate watch dog in Australia. It has the duty to keep an eye on the affairs of corporate organizations. The AISC regulates integrated corporate, financial services, markets and consumer credit regulators in Australia. The vision of the commission is to allow the markets to fund economy and trigger economic growth. The AISC has the purpose of ensuring the financial wellbeing in Australia. The AISC promotes the confidence and trust of consumers and investors, ensures efficient and markets and providing proper registration services. The AISC brings actions against organizations who fail to act in an ethical and legal manner and thereby causing loss to the investors and creditors. It seeks orders like financial penalties along with suspension of directors in case any violation has been identified[3]. In the given situation where the employees of Crown gave been arrested in china for illegal activities it is the role of AISC to in vestigate into the matter. This is because such a decision by the directors may cause significant losses to the investors and creditors of the company. In addition where any company registered with the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) have been accused of violating law it is the duty of the AISC to make investigation into the matter. In case the AISC finds out that the directors of Crown have violated their corporate duties it will seek legal actions against them in Australia. Possible Remedies Upon investigation if it is found by the AISC that the directors of Crown have actually indulged in illegal activities there are several remedies which are available in relation to the CA. violating the duties of directors provided in the CA is a civil penalty provisions. In addition the directors can also be prosecuted under criminal liability under the criminal code as per section 6.1 if they are found to violate the provisions of section 184 of the CA which is to recklessly breach the duties provided in section 180-183 of the CA. The civil penalty provisions are provided under section 1317E of the CA[4]. The directors may be subjected to a financial penalty of upto A$200, 000 in case of serious breach. In addition the directors of Crown may be suspended from managing a corporation for a period up to 5 years under the provisions of section 206C of the CA[5]. The directors may also seek an alibi under section 1317G where the court may pardon the breach committed by them in relation to their duties. However the AISC needs to prove that the directors have committed a serious breach. In the case of Australian Securities Investments Commission [ASIC] v Lindberg[6] the ASIC was able to obtain a suspension of 2 year along with a financial penalty of $100,000 where the directors had violated section 180(1) of the CA. Although the director has an outside settlement in relation to penalties the AISC had to prove its case in the court. The Commonwealth bank has been subjected to a big drop in its share price after AUSTRAC has launched a case in relation to money laundering against the organization. This may also subject the organization to a potential class action by its shareholders. AUSTRAC has brought an allegation against the organization that they have been associated with consistent money laundering operations by terrorist and criminal gangs. The CBA has been accused of wide breaches in relation to Counter-terrorism financing and money laundering rules. Civil penalty proceedings have been initiated by AUSTRAC against the company in the federal court for serious and systemic non-compliance[7]. The conduct of the CBA has subjected the Australian community to serious and ongoing financial crime as provided by the court in filing. On the other hand it had been provided by the bank that they would never indulge in an activity or action which would enable any kind of crime. The issue which has been brought before the court by AUSTRAC is that there has been a failure on the part of the bank to report suspicious matters in relation to transaction of over A$77 million. It has been alleged by the agency that 53,700 contraventions of counter-terrorism laws and Anti- money laundering laws have been made by the bank in particular to its intelligent deposit machines. The maximum penalties which can be imposed in relation to the anti-money laundering and counter terrorism is A$18 million for every violation[8]. It has been stated by AUSTRAC that even in situation where it was obvious that the machines were used for suspected money laundering the bank did not take necessary steps to mitigate and manage the risks. It has been alleged by AUSTRAC that the machines had been utilized by four money laundering syndicates which included those associated with drug import and distribution network. The machines had been used by the syndicates for the purpose of depositing and transferring cash at low amounts which would keep suspicion at bay. One of the money laundering activities involved more than 21m deposited into 11 CBAs which mostly came through intelligent machines. The bank allegedly failed to take any action even after been provided with warnings by the Australian Federal police. The Australian Investment and Security Commission is a corporate watch dog in Australia. It has the duty to keep an eye on the affairs of corporate organizations. The AISC regulates integrated corporate, financial ser vices, markets and consumer credit regulators in Australia. The vision of the commission is to allow the markets to fund economy and trigger economic growth. The AISC has the purpose of ensuring the financial wellbeing in Australia. The AISC promotes the confidence and trust of consumers and investors, ensures efficient and markets and providing proper registration services. The AISC brings actions against organizations who fail to act in an ethical and legal manner and thereby causing loss to the investors and creditors. It seeks orders like financial penalties along with suspension of directors in case any violation has been identified. It has been provide that the directors of CBA have not been able to take proper care in relation to the affairs of the company[9]. As discussed above the directors of a corporate organization have the duty to act in the best interest of the company. Section 180(1) of the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) instructs the directors and officers of a company to deploy care and diligence in relation to their operation. Such care and diligence is evaluated by appointing a hypothetical person as a director in the same situation and analyze the reasonability in relation to the decision. The decision has to be in the best interest of the company. In this case as the company has indulge in violation of legal provisions its directors have also violated the provisions of section 180(1) of the CA. this is because a reasonable director would not indulge in actions which are in violation of anti-money laundering and Counter-terrorism laws. In the given situation is the role of the AISC to investigate the issue. Along with the organization itself the directors would also be subjected to prosecution because of the breach of directors du ties committed by them. Under the civil penalty provisions they may be made personally liable for the paying financial penalties along with being suspended for managing the affairs of the company under section 1317E and 206C of the CA. References ASIC v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 Australian Securities Investments Commission [ASIC] v Lindberg [2012] VSC 332 CBA faces 'very large' shareholder action on money laundering. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-23/commonwealth-bank-faces-shareholder-class-action/8833860 CBA will take months to answer money laundering allegations. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-04/commonwealth-bank-will-take-months-to-respond-to-austrac/8869706 Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) Knaus, C. (2018). Commonwealth Bank accused of money laundering and terrorism-financing breaches. the Guardian. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/03/commonwealth-bank-accused-of-money-laundering-and-terrorism-financing-breaches Our role | ASIC - Australian Securities and Investments Commission. (2018). Asic.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/what-we-do/our-role/ [1] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 180(1) [2] (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 [3] Our role | ASIC - Australian Securities and Investments Commission. (2018). Asic.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/what-we-do/our-role/ [4] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 1317E [5] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 206C [6] [2012] VSC 332 [7] CBA will take months to answer money laundering allegations. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-04/commonwealth-bank-will-take-months-to-respond-to-austrac/8869706 [8] Knaus, C. (2018). Commonwealth Bank accused of money laundering and terrorism-financing breaches. the Guardian. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/03/commonwealth-bank-accused-of-money-laundering-and-terrorism-financing-breaches [9] CBA faces 'very large' shareholder action on money laundering. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-23/commonwealth-bank-faces-shareholder-class-action/8833860